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Bioelectromagnetism
of complex interactions such as anthropogenic efects (migration, vaccination, etc.) can mask the efects
of regulation of the solar cycle on infuenza pandemics.
Te infuences of the solar cycles and the GMF have been manifested not only on periodicity in
global infuenza infection spread, but also on human health. In fact, there are many observations that
support the impact of geomagnetic perturbations on our human health. Periodic GMF fuctuations are
very similar to seasonal fuctuations in the prevalence of viral respiratory illness, suggesting a possible
role for GMF fuctuations as both an infuenza pandemic and a predisposition to seasonal infuenza
(Zaporozhan and Ponomarenko, 2010). Moreover, regular semiannual variations in the GMF infuence
greatly resemble seasonal variations in viral respiratory diseases sickness rate, which allows specula
tion about the possible role of GMF fuctuations as both fu epidemics and seasonal fu-predisposing
factors (Zaporozhan and Ponomarenko, 2010). Zaporozhan and Ponomarenko (2010) speculate that the
data they have presented concerning the probable infuence of specifc external MFs on immunological
processes and virus replication via the NF-κB and other signaling pathways allows us to put forward a
possible role of the infuence of GMF fuctuations, and correspondingly, solar activity cycles as factors
capable of infuencing the occurrence of infuenza (and possibly other) epidemics. It is worth mention
ing that several viruses, including HIV, have binding sites for NF-κB that control the expression of viral
genes, which, in turn, contribute to viral replication and/or pathogenicity (Hiscott et al., 2001). In the
case of HIV-1, activation of NF-κB may, at least in part, be involved in the activation of the virus from a
latent, inactive state (Hiscott et al., 2001). Tis indicates the theoretical possibility of MF efects on the
processes of HIV activation and replication (Zaporozhan and Ponomarenko, 2010).
Taking into account a probable entrainment role of solar activity fuctuations in the regulation of
genome expression and infuenza epidemic cycles, Zaporozhan and Ponomarenko (2010) emphasized
the regulatory/entrainment role of the solar cycles for Earth life (biosphere) microevolution. It is sug
gested that from 2011 until 2015 solar regulatory infuences and concomitant GMF fuctuations may pre
dispose to genetic and immunological alterations favorable to infuenza epidemic spread (Zaporozhan
and Ponomarenko, 2010). Recently, in this context, Morchiladze et al. (2021) proposed that understand
ing the role of ELF-EMFs in regulating the biosphere is important in our fght against COVID-19, and
research in this direction should be intensifed.
Carter et al. (2020) demonstrated a quantum biological phenomenon whereby a combination of 3 mT
SMF and 7 kV/m EF ameliorated hyperglycemia and enhance insulin sensitivity in three diferent mouse
models of type 2 diabetes: Bardet-Biedl syndrome, leptin receptor-defcient, and high-fat diet (HFD)
mice. Surprisingly, all mice have a 30% or greater reduction in blood glucose and these efects appeared
rapidly, within 3 days of exposure (continuously 24 hours/day for 3 days, or for 7 hours/day for a total of
3 days), without adverse efects (Carter et al., 2020). However, the glucose levels were returned to the pre
exposure levels when the daily exposure was stopped (Carter et al., 2020). Interestingly, both exposures
to SMF and EF were required simultaneously, and exposure to SMF alone exacerbated diabetes through
unknown mechanisms (Carter et al., 2020). In addition, human liver cells treated with both SMF and EF
for 6 hours demonstrated an increase in glycogen, a surrogate marker for insulin sensitivity, indicating a
similar efect with mice. Tis enhancement of insulin sensitivity occurred due to altered redox homeo
stasis, mediated primarily by the hepatic mitochondrial superoxide O−
2 (Carter et al., 2020). Tat is, both
exposures to SMF and EF promoted activation of the antioxidant enzyme SOD2 in hepatic mitochon
dria and enhanced superoxide scavenging activity (Carter et al., 2020). Furthermore, it was found that
non-cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids (F2-isoprostanes), which are a biomarker of oxidative stress,
decreased by about 40%, and the master transcription factor NRF2 in redox signaling was elevated by
both exposures (Carter et al., 2020). Tus, both exposures to SMF and EF enhanced the redox reaction
by increasing the release of glutathione into the blood via the NRF2, and reduced oxidative stress to
improve insulin resistance (Carter et al., 2020).
Tus, during the evolution of living organisms, glucose metabolism has also evolved within the GMF
and several EFs (lightning strikes, static electricity, etc.), and it is becoming clear that these environ
mental factors afect the balance between oxidation and antioxidants.